On the Road to Damascus
David J. Shagoury The Bulletin Newspapers, May 10, 2001
On the Road to Damascus John Paul II has just completed his historic trip to Syria and Greece and the state of Christianity is the better for it, as is hope for a more peaceful regional future that a holy man can sometimes inspire. Following the path of the Apostle Paul, and his own personal conscience, John Paul II apologized for past transgressions to his Eastern Orthodox Christian brethren, and also became the first major western Christian leader to speak in a mosque; doing both as his personal imprimatur on the need for reconciliation between the two pillars of liturgical Christianity (Orthodoxy and Catholicism), and the need for a greater understanding with Islam. While this notable homage produced neither evident nor immediate Damascene conversions, there are several reasons why the visionary of Rome chose this itinerary.
For this Pope, history and its significance on the present conditions affecting the world have never been remote or insignificant. John Paul was the man who as Cardinal of Poland was implacable in his leadership for freedom in the midst of communism, and as the leader of the largest and most powerful Christian Church, placed all of his moral and political capital to assist President Reagan in achieving the greatest mass liberation from tyranny and fear that mankind has ever known. He did so like his secular partner, while enduring much vitriolic critique, even from potent elements within his own Church (just as Reagan persevered through intense and hateful opposition from within his own nation’s political establishment) and emerged as the great moral leader we know him now to be. To such a man, the historic significance of Damascus is not lost, nor more importantly is the role history plays in the pursuit of a more just and secure future. Syria is the first place where the followers of a certain Nazarene were called Christians. Its capital, Damascus, is where the dark persecutor Saul became the aurora of Jesus known as Paul, converted by Jesus himself. It is home to the earliest of Christians, many of whom still speak Aramaic (Syriac), the language that Jesus spoke. In Damascus, the Pope met and embraced the Antiochian Patriarch Ignatius, who is also a successor of the Disciple Peter, as Peter was the Bishop of Antioch before traveling west. John Paul, eschewing contemporary misperceptions, went home to the cradle of Christianity, and took the entire world with him. This is John Paul, ecumenical leader and historian.
Damascus was also the capital of the first Islamic empire (known as the Umayyad Dynasty), which achieved a greater horizontal expanse than even Imperial Rome; and with Europe in the descent of the Dark ages, once again was conspicuous as the beacon of the civilized world. Centuries later, Saladin, the secular leader most revered in Islamic history, chose Damascus as his capital from which he expunged the Crusaders from the Middle East. Certainly history reveals a violent competition between the two Faiths. It is therefore no coincidence that John Paul II offered prayerful comments at the Umayyad Mosque as an expression of respect and fraternal affection to his fellow Monotheists who have often believed themselves to be unfairly portrayed by western culture and media. In an ancient region, the respect and affection expressed by the historical leader of western religion will always be remembered, and could energize efforts around the globe for enhanced relations and understanding between the West and Islam. This is John Paul the healer and visionary.
In our era, Damascus has been the ideological heart of Arab, secular nationalism. It has been the center of military and political opposition to Israeli policy, but in line with the new paradigm of peace that emerged in the early nineties, it has publicly expressed a desire for peace with Israel. There is an oft cited adage describing the quagmire known as the Middle East conflict; ‘that there can be no war without Cairo, and can be no peace without Damascus’. John Paul visited the only town reverted back to Syria, Quneitra, in the occupied Golan Heights as a symbol to all parties about the universal hope for, and means to regional peace. This is John Paul he statesman and peacemaker. Pope John Paul’s trek to the Near East will certainly not result in an expeditious race to peace by regional combatants, nor immediately change details at the negotiation table, but its essence may be lasting in impact. In a region too inclined to view dogmatic differences as dire, his ecumenical message is sincere and unambiguous: in a region too willing to attack others as heretics and infidels, his message of respect and commonality is provocative: in a region too prone to achieve gain by military force, his message of peace is instructive. Expect no miracles from this religious Pilgrimage; but perhaps hope was vivified somewhat in this troubled birthplace of civilization by an indefatigable Polish freedom fighter. David J. Shagoury The Bulletin May 10, 2001